Cranes are required to transport heavy objects from one place to another that have a separation, both horizontally and vertically. Cranes themselves can be stationary, mobile, or mounted on tracks or overhead on girders. Some cranes are required to shift mainly steel articles and they depend on electromagnetic principles to arrange the required shifting.
The main part of this lifting device is a powerful magnet that can be switched on when needed to attract the steel to be lifted(stio de weihua grua), and then use its other moving parts to lift and shift the material that is now held by an electromagnetic force(electromagnetica grua puente). Once the crane is moved to the required location, the power is switched off, it results in a release of the steel material that has now been conveyed to the desired location. Electromagnetic cranes are very convenient for situations where a large quantity of steel material requires to be constantly shifted, to assist in any other operations. These cranes are extensively used in scrap yards and also in steel making workshops. Electromagnets can however not lift heated steel.
This form of lifting can lift tens of tons of iron and steel material like scrap iron, iron wire or rods, all other heavy material that has substantial iron content. It reduces any need to package or bin these products and this can save a lot of time in the handling of these products(producto grua 10t). Most of these cranes have electromagnets of a diameter of 5 feet or so that can easily attract to it up to 16 tonnes of iron at a time. Care has to be taken to have a proper supply of power, as any interruption in supply can release the lifted objects and this can lead to accidents. Many of these cranes also have claws that will automatically deploy to grasp the iron or steel material so that it does not fall down even when power is cut off.
The magnetism in an electromagnetic crane is created by having coils of insulated wires that are wound around a soft magnetic material. A soft magnetic material is one that develops magnetic poles that create magnetic fields as long as electricity is passing through them. Once the power is switched off, the soft magnetic material loses its capacity to provide magnetism and its hold on any material it has picked up when it is magnetic. Electromagnetic cranes have large industrial electromagnets that benefit from their ability to control the created magnetic flux. These magnets are then positioned over the steel or iron materials that need to be lifted before the power is switched on. This requires them to have their own devices of wires, chains, and lifting structures that enable this movement and positioning. These other devices must be designed to lift and shift the weight of the material that the magnet has the strength to lift. Once the power is switched on the magnet is energized and lifts the steel material. Electromagnets require a proper source of direct current power that creates the magnetic flux. This magnetism can also create heat, and at times may require cooling installed systems to keep this heat under control.